Using if statement in C: A Beginner's Guide

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The if statement is a simple decision-making and branching statement and it is used to control the flow of the program execution. An if statement consists of a Boolean expression followed by one or more statements. The if statement is written with the if keyword, followed by a condition in parentheses, with the code to be executed in between curly brackets.

  Syntax:
     if( condition )
     {
        // body of the statements will execute if the condition is true ;
     }

• The condition evaluates to either true or false.
• True is always a non-zero value, and false is a value that contains zero.

The code is a C program that demonstrates the use of the if statement in C. Here is an explanation of each line of the code:

• char name[10]; declares a character array variable named name with a maximum size of 10 characters.
• int age; declares a variable age of type int.
• printf("\nEnter Your Name : "); prints a message prompting the user to enter their name.
• scanf("%s",name); reads a string input from the user and stores it in the variable name.
• printf("\nEnter The Age : "); prints a message prompting the user to enter their age.
• scanf("%d",&age); reads an integer input from the user and stores it in the variable age.
• if(age>=18) checks if the value of the variable age is greater than or equal to 18.
• printf("\n %s age is %d Eligible For Vote",name,age); prints a message stating that the user is eligible to vote if the above if condition is true.
• return 0; The return 0; statement is used to indicate that the main function has completed successfully. The value 0 is returned as the exit status of the program, which indicates a successful execution.

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Source Code

//if statement
 
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
    char name[10];
    int age;
    printf("\nEnter Your Name : ");
    scanf("%s",name);
    printf("\nEnter The Age : ");
    scanf("%d",&age);
    if(age>=18)
    {
        printf("\n %s  age is %d Eligible For Vote",name,age);
    }
    return 0;
}
 
 

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Output

Enter Your Name : Siva
Enter The Age : 21
Siva  age is 21 Eligible For Vote

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C Programming Conditional Statement Problems

1.while purchasing certain items, a discount of 10% is offered if the quantity purchased is more than 1000. If quantity and price per item are input through the keyboard, write a program to calculate the total expenses.

2. The current year and the year in which the employee joined the organization are entered through the keyboard. If the number of years for which the employee has served the organization is greater than 3 then a bonus of Rs. 2500/- is given to the employee. If the years of service are not greater than 3, then the program should do nothing.

3. If his basic salary is less than Rs. 1500, then HRA = 10% of basic salary and DA = 90% of basic salary. If his salary is either equal to or above Rs. 1500, then HRA = Rs. 500 and DA = 98% of basic salary. If the employee's salary is input through the keyboard write a program to find his gross salary

4. The marks obtained by a student in 5 different subjects are input through the keyboard. The student gets a division as per the following rules: Write a program to calculate the division obtained by the student.

1. Percentage above or equal to 60 - First division
2. Percentage between 50 and 59 - Second division
3. Percentage between 40 and 49 - Third division
4. Percentage less than 40 – Fail

5. A company insures its drivers in the following cases:

1. If the driver is married.
2. If the driver is unmarried, male & above 30 years of age.
3. If the driver is unmarried, female & above 25 years of age.

6.Write a program to calculate the salary as per the following table

Gender	Years of Service	Qualifications	Salary
Male	>= 10	Post-Graduate	15000
Male	>= 10	Graduate	10000
Male	< 10	Post-Graduate	10000
Male	< 10	Graduate	7000
Female	>= 10	Post-Graduate	12000
Female	>= 10	Graduate	9000
Female	< 10	Post-Graduate	10000
Female	< 10	Graduate	6000

7.If cost price and selling price of an item is input through the keyboard, write a program to determine whether the seller has made profit or incurred loss. Also determine how much profit he made or loss he incurred.

8.Any integer is input through the keyboard. Write a program to find out whether it is an odd number or even number. (Hint: Use the % (modulus) operator)

9.A five-digit number is entered through the keyboard. Write a program to obtain the reversed number and to determine whether the original and reversed numbers are equal or not.

10.If the ages of Ram, Shyam and Ajay are input through the keyboard, write a program to determine the youngest of the three.

11.Write a program to check whether a triangle is valid or not, when the three angles of the triangle are entered through the keyboard. A triangle is valid if the sum of all the three angles is equal to 180 degrees.

12.Find the absolute value of a number entered through the keyboard.

13.Given the length and breadth of a rectangle, write a program to find whether the area of the rectangle is greater than its perimeter. For example, the area of the rectangle with length = 5 and breadth = 4 is greater than its perimeter

14.Any year is entered through the keyboard, write a program to determine whether the year is leap or not. Use the logical operators && and ||.

15.A certain grade of steel is graded according to the following conditions: A certain grade of steel is graded according to the following conditions:
(i) Hardness must be greater than 50
(ii) Carbon content must be less than 0.7
(iii) Tensile strength must be greater than 5600
The grades are as follows:
Grade is 10 if all three conditions are met
Grade is 9 if conditions (i) and (ii) are met
Grade is 8 if conditions (ii) and (iii)
Grade is 7 if conditions (i) and (iii) are met
Grade is 6 if only one condition is met
Grade is 5 if none of the conditions are met
Write a program, which will require the user to give values of hardness, carbon content and tensile strength of the steel under consideration and output the grade of the steel.

16. A library charges a fine for every book returned late. For the first 5 days the fine is 50 paise, for 6-10 days fine is one rupee and above 10 days fine is 5 rupees. If you return the book after 30 days your membership will be cancelled. Write a program to accept the number of days the member is late to return the book and display the fine or the appropriate message.

17.In a company, worker efficiency is determined on the basis of the time required for a worker to complete a particular job. If the time taken by the worker is between 2 – 3 hours, then the worker is said to be highly efficient. If the time required by the worker is between 3 – 4 hours, then the worker is ordered to improve speed. If the time taken is between 4 – 5 hours, the worker is given training to improve his speed, and if the time taken by the worker is more than 5 hours, then the worker has to leave the company. If the time taken by the worker is input through the keyboard, find the efficiency of the worker.

List of Programs

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• C Introduction
• Hello World
• Basic Addition
• Data Types in C
• Variables and Literals in C
• Arithmetic Operator in C
• Example for Arithmetic Operator in C
• Assignment Operators in C Program
• Relational Operators in C Program
• Logical Operators in C Program
• Increment and Decrement Operators in C Program
• Bitwise Operators in C Program
• if Statement in C Program
• if else Statement in C Program
• else if Statement in C Program
• Nested if Statement in C Program
• Switch Statement in C Program
• Conditional Operator Statement in C Program
• School Management in C Program
• Library Management in C Program
• Find the given number is odd or even in C Program
• Check the given number is vowels or not in C Program
• Check the given number is Armstrong or not in C Program
• Hotel Management in C Program
• Goto Statement in C Program
• Hotel Management using goto in C Program
• While Loop in C Program
• Do while Loop in C Program
• For Loop in C Program
• Nested For Loop in C Program
• Break and Continue Statement in C Program
• ASCII Values in C Program
• Single Dimensional Array in C Program
• 2D Array in C Program
• String Function in C Program
• Math Function in C Program
• Function in C Program
• No Return Without Argument Function in C Program
• No Return With Argument Function in C Program
• Return Without Argument Function in C Program
• Return With Argument Function in C Program
• Recursion Function in C Program
• Call by Reference Function in C Program
• Local Variable in C Program
• Global Variable in C Program
• Static Variable in C Program
• Enumeration or enum in C Program
• Single pointer in C Program
• Double & Triple pointer in C Program
• Pointer Arithmetic in C Program
• Pointer Handle Array Values in C Program
• Void * Pointer in C Program
• Malloc Function in C Program
• Calloc Function in C Program
• Realloc Function in C Program
• Free Function in C Program
• Dangling Pointer in C Program
• Using Const in Pointer in C Program
• Structure in C Program
• Local and Global Structure in C Program
• Typedef in C Program
• Initializing & Accessing the Structure Members in C Program
• Access members of structure using pointer in C Program
• Structure as function arguments in C Program
• Array of Objects Structure in C Program
• Union in C Program
• Shop Management using Structure and Union in C Program
• Input and output functions in C Program
• Preprocessor Directives in C Program
• Read File in C Program
• Write File in C Program
• Multiplication tables in C Program
• Total no of even and odd numbers in an array in C Program
• Count Alphabets Digits and Special Characters in a String in C Program
• Convert string to uppercase in C Program
• Convert string to lowercase in C Program
• Display Fibonacci Sequence in C Program
• Greatest of n numbers in an array in C Program

Sample Programs

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Switch Case in C

• Present Elevator Position
• Check Vowel or Consonent
• Hotel Management using Swtich Case

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Conditional Operators in C

• Find Greatest Number
• Check Find Smallest Number
• Check Number Equal or Not
• Check Char. Vowel or Consonent
• Check Character Capital or Small

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Goto Statement in C

• Consecutive Numbers
• Print Text Using Goto
• Print Odd Numbers
• Printing Tables
• Printing Sum of Values
• Printing Reverse Table
• Print Factorial in C

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While Loop Example Programs

• Print numbers using While Loop
• Armstrong Number using While Loop
• Print Odd and Even numbers
• Print Positive and Negative numbers
• Print Prime or Composite Number Upto Limit
• Print Prime or Composite Number
• Reverse table using While Loop
• Print table using While Loop
• Covert Decimal to Binary using While Loop

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Looping Statements in C

For Loop Example Programs

• Print Value upto limit
• Print Number upto limit
• Armstrong Number using For Loop
• Square Pattern using For Loop
• Flag Pattern using For Loop
• Diamond Pattern using For Loop
• Triangle Facing Downward using For Loop
• Triangle Facing upside using For Loop
• Right Angle Triangle facing left
• Right Angle Triangle facing right
• Reverse Number using For Loop
• Prime Number using For Loop
• Print Number divisible by 7
• Print tables using For Loop
• Reverse tables using For Loop
• Separate odd and even numbers
• Check prime or composite number
• Separate positive and negative number
• For Loop Patterns
• Square Pattern Outline using For Loop
• Triangle Outline Pattern
• Diamond Pattern Outline

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Array Examples in C

One Dimensional Array

• Add Elements to the Array
• Arrange array elements in Ascending
• Arrange array elements in Descending
• Insert an element using Array
• Update an element using Array
• Delete an element using Array
• Interchange an element using Array
• Reverse an element using Array
• Odd or Even Number using Array
• Positive and Negative Numbers using Array
• Armstrong Number 100 to 999
• Greatest Number using Array
• Smallest Number using Array
• Print values divisible by 7 using Array
• Convert binary to decimal using Array
• Convert decimal to binary using Array
• Convert decimal to octal using Array

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Two Dimensional Array in C

• Print Two Dimensional Array
• Array Addition in Two-Dimenional Array
• Array Subtraction in Two-Dimensional Array
• Array Multiplication using Array
• Lower Triangular Matrix using Array
• Upper Triangluar Matrix using Array
• Print Unit Matrix using Array
• Check and Print Unit Matrix

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String Example Programs in C

• Print text using String
• String Example
• String Comparison in C
• String Concatenation in C
• String Copy Example in C
• Convert Uppercase to Lowercase
• Remove Duplicate String
• Reverse text using String
• Toggle Case using String
• Conver text into Capital or Small
• Convert Lowercase to Uppercase
• Convert text into Ascending Order using
• Capitalising the first letter
• Check given strings Equal or Not
• Copy String using Predefined Function
• String Length using Predefined Function
• String Length without Predefined Function
• Uppercase to Lowercase using Predefined Function
• Check Palindrome or Not

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Functions Example Programs in C

• Addition using return type and arguments
• Print marks using return type & arguments
• Function with no return and with arguments in c
• Print tables without arguments

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